02068nas a2200241 4500008004100000245014000041210006900181520131500250653001401565653001101579653001401590653001701604653001901621653002201640100001501662700001601677700001701693700001501710700001801725700001801743700001701761856004801778 2017 eng d00aNew fossil leaves and fruits of Lauraceae from the Middle Miocene of Fujian, southeastern China differentiated using a cluster analysis0 aNew fossil leaves and fruits of Lauraceae from the Middle Miocen3 a

The fossil record of Lauraceae can be traced back to the Early Cretaceous of eastern Asia based on fossil flowers. Here, we refer a number of new occurrences of leaf and fruit fossils of Lauraceae from the Middle Miocene of Zhangpu, Fujian, China, to seven species. These data provide evidence supporting the fact that a diverse subtropical, or tropical, Lauraceae-dominated evergreen forest surrounded this region 15 million years ago (Mya). The Lauraceae fossils presented in this paper provide evidence for the evolution of this group as well as new materials that enable the study of the Fujian Province Neogene flora. The fossils described in this paper fill in the gaps in studies about Lauraceae pollen in the Middle Miocene from Fotan, Fujian, China. In addition, these fossils also enrich the Middle Miocene fossil records of Lauraceae in eastern Asia, especially improving the study of the macrostructures and reproductive organs of fossil Lauraceae from southern China. The similarity between fossil and modern fruits shows that during the Middle Miocene the fruit morphological of Lauraceae have changed very little. We also identify families where the fossils we report belong to their closest relatives and can be used to reconstruct the paleoenvironment of Fujian in the Middle Miocene.

10adiversity10aFujian10aLauraceae10aLaurophyllum10aMiddle Miocene10apaleoenvironments1 aWang, Zixi1 aSun, Fankai1 aWang, Jidong1 aYan, Defei1 aDong, Junling1 aSun, Mingxuan1 aSun, Bainian uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2040502297nas a2200241 4500008004100000245010900041210006900150520156400219653002301783653002401806653002401830653001401854653001401868100001701882700001901899700001401918700001801932700001601950700001401966700001401980700001301994856004802007 2017 eng d00aThe complete chloroplast genome of Cinnamomum camphora and its comparison with related Lauraceae species0 acomplete chloroplast genome of Cinnamomum camphora and its compa3 a

Cinnamomum camphora, a member of the Lauraceae family, is a valuable aromatic and timber tree that is indigenous to the south of China and Japan. All parts of Cinnamomum camphora have secretory cells containing different volatile chemical compounds that are utilized as herbal medicines and essential oils. Here, we reported the complete sequencing of the chloroplast genome of Cinnamomum camphora using illumina technology. The chloroplast genome of Cinnamomum camphora is 152,570 bp in length and characterized by a relatively conserved quadripartite structure containing a large single copy region of 93,705 bp, a small single copy region of 19,093 bp and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 19,886 bp. Overall, the genome contained 123 coding regions, of which 15 were repeated in the IR regions. An analysis of chloroplast sequence divergence revealed that the small single copy region was highly variable among the different genera in the Lauraceae family. A total of 40 repeat structures and 83 simple sequence repeats were detected in both the coding and non-coding regions. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that Calycanthus is most closely related to Lauraceae, both being members of Laurales, which forms a sister group to Magnoliids. The complete sequence of the chloroplast of Cinnamomum camphora will aid in in-depth taxonomical studies of the Lauraceae family in the future. The genetic sequence information will also have valuable applications for chloroplast genetic engineering.

10aChloroplast genome10aCinnamomum camphora10aIllumina sequencing10aLauraceae10aPhylogeny1 aChen, Caihui1 aZheng, Yongjie1 aLiu, Sian1 aZhong, Yongda1 aWu, Yanfang1 aLi, Jiang1 aXu, Li-An1 aXu, Meng uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2040402263nas a2200217 4500008004100000245013700041210006900178520154300247653002501790653002401815653001401839653001101853653001901864653002201883100002001905700001901925700001701944700001701961700001901978856004801997 2017 eng d00aPlastome evolution in the sole hemiparasitic genus laurel dodder (Cassytha) and insights into the plastid phylogenomics of Lauraceae0 aPlastome evolution in the sole hemiparasitic genus laurel dodder3 a

To date, little is known about the evolution of plastid genomes (plastomes) in Lauraceae. As one of the top five largest families in tropical forests, the Lauraceae contain many species that are important ecologically and economically. Lauraceous species also provide wonderfulmaterials to study the evolutionary trajectory in response to parasitism because they contain both nonparasitic and parasitic species. This study compared the plastomes of nine Lauraceous species, including the sole hemiparasitic and herbaceous genus Cassytha (laurel dodder; here represented by Cassytha filiformis).We found differential contractions of the canonical inverted repeat (IR), resulting in two IR types present in Lauraceae. These two IR types reinforce Cryptocaryeae and Neocinnamomum–Perseeae–Laureae as two separate clades. Our data reveal several traits unique to Cas. filiformis, including loss of IRs, loss or pseudogenization of 11 ndh and rpl23 genes, richness of repeats, and accelerated rates of nucleotide substitutions in protein-coding genes. Although Cas. filiformis is low in chlorophyll content, our analysis based on dN/dS ratios suggests that both its plastid house-keeping and photosynthetic genes are under strong selective constraints. Hence, we propose that short generation time and herbaceous lifestyle rather than reduced photosynthetic ability drive the accelerated rates of nucleotide substitutions in Cas. filiformis.

10agenome rearrangement10ahemiparasitic plant10aLauraceae10alaurel10aplastid genome10asubstitution rate1 aWu, Chung-Shien1 aWang, Ting-Jen1 aWu, Chia-Wen1 aWang, Ya-Nan1 aChaw, Shu-Miaw uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2040201232nas a2200169 4500008004100000245016300041210007000204260001200274300001200286490000800298520062700306653001800933653001700951100002400968700002200992856004801014 2017 eng d00aTypification of the name Litsea mackeei (née Lauraceae) and its reassignment to the synonymy of Osmanthus austrocaledonicus var. austrocaledonicus (Oleaceae)0 aTypification of the name Litsea mackeei née Lauraceae and its re c12/2017 a137-1430 v3313 a

The protologue of Litsea mackeei states that its holotype is at P.  However, two specimens bearing the type number appear to exist at P, the second specimen belonging to a species different from the first and bearing as well a label with a different collection number.  Fortunately, a clear indication of which plant Kostermans was describing is provided by his handwritten annotation of the isotype at L.  A lectotype is therefore chosen, the name is synonymized with Osmanthus austrocaledonicus var. austrocaledonicus and the origin of this unlikely error is discussed.

10aNew Caledonia10anomenclature1 aMunzinger, Jérôme1 aMcPherson, Gordon uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036801162nas a2200217 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140260001200209300001200221490000800233520052700241653001500768653001100783653001600794653001200810653001500822100002300837700001400860700002200874856004800896 2017 eng d00aA new species of Cinnamomum and notes on the status of C. palghatensis in Western Ghats, India0 anew species of Cinnamomum and notes on the status of C palghaten c10/2017 a252-2580 v3263 a

Cinnamomum gamblei, a new species of Lauraceae is described from Western Ghats, India. The new species resembles C. macrocarpum by having large fruit, but is easily recognized by its habit, leaf morphology, shape and size of tepals and 4-locellate stamens in whorl III. A detailed description along with images, distribution details, comparison with related species and other relevant notes are provided for its easy identification. The status of C. palghatensis is also discussed here.

10aCinnamomum10aKerala10anew species10aNilgiri10aTamil Nadu1 aGeethakumary, M.P.1 aDeepu, S.1 aPandurangan, A.G. uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036703758nas a2200241 4500008004100000245011800041210006900159260001200228300001200240490000800252520301300260653002703273653002103300653002103321653001503342653001303357653001403370653001703384653001703401653002503418100002503443856004803468 2017 eng d00aNew names in Cinnamomoides, Cinnamomum and Neolitsea (Lauraceae), and Pterospermum (Malvaceae), fossil and living0 aNew names in Cinnamomoides Cinnamomum and Neolitsea Lauraceae an c10/2017 a189-2010 v3263 a

The homonymy of some fossil and extant species names of Cinnamomum is resolved. Cinnamomum gracile (Geyler) Ettingshausen (fossil) is replaced by a new name C. camphoricum nom. nov., because of the earlier homonym C. gracile Miquel (extant); C. costulatum nom. nov. is proposed to replace the later homonym C. apiculatum Saporta (fossil fruits) non C. apiculatum Pilar (fossil leaves); C. fajumicum nom. nov. is proposed instead of C. africanum Engelhardt (fossil) non C. africanum Lukmanoff (extant); C. kalbaricum nom. nov. instead of C. grandifolium Cammerloher (extant) non C. grandifolium (Ettingshausen) Schimper (fossil); C. weddellii nom. nov. in place of C. orbiculatum Lukmanoff (extant) non C. orbiculatum Saporta (fossil). Cinnamomum camphoricarpum sp. nov. is validated instead of the invalidly published C. macropodum Miki (lacking holotype designation when published) based on fossil fruits and seeds from Pliocene sediments of Japan. Cinnamomum goeppertii Ettingshausen is rehabilitated as a legitimate substitute for Daphnogene javanica Göppert,
because the combination C. javanicum (Göppert) van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, van Waveren & Jonkers is illegitimate due to the existence of an earlier homonym, C. javanicum Blume (extant). Pterospermum wilkieanum nom. nov. (Malvaceae) is proposed instead of P. gracile Wilkie (extant) non P. gracile Geyler (fossil) (≡ C. gracile (Geyler) Ettingshausen). Cinnamomum salicifolium (Nees) Kostermans and C. trinerve (Lundell) Kostermans (extant) were found to be later illegitimate homonyms of fossil-species, C. salicifolium Staub and C. trinerve Bell respectively. Furthermore Cinnamomiphyllum Nathorst, Daphnogene grandifolia, D. lanceolata, Cinnamomum broteroi, C. orbiculatum, C. salicifolium Staub (non (Nees) Kostermans), C. trinerve Bell (non (Lundell) Kostermans), and C. ucrainicum are lectotypified. New combinations are validated: Cinnamomoides broteroi comb. nov., C. ellipticum comb. nov., C. humei comb. nov., C. jordanicum comb. nov., Cinnamomum duabicum comb. nov., Neolitsea marginata comb. nov., N. pannonica comb. nov., N. staubii comb. nov. As an addition to Taxonomic Literature II records, the precise dates of publication of the taxonomic works of Göppert’s Die Tertiärflora auf der Insel Java (1854), Lukmanoff’s Nomenclature et iconographie des Canneliers et Camphriers (1878, not 1889), Ettingshausen’s Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tertiärflora der Insel Java (1883) and Zur Tertiärflora von Borneo (1883, not 1884) are established here.

10abotanical nomenclature10aCinnamomiphyllum10aCinnamomophyllum10aDaphnogene10aLaurales10aNeolitsea10apalaeobotany10aPterospermum10ataxonomic literature1 aDoweld, Alexander, B uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036402561nas a2200205 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260001200199300001400211490000700225520192100232100001702153700002102170700002002191700003602211700002702247700001202274700002102286856004802307 2017 eng d00aNeither Phoebe nor Cinnamomum – the tetrasporangiate species of Aiouea (Lauraceae)0 aNeither Phoebe nor Cinnamomum the tetrasporangiate species of Ai c10/2017 a1085-11110 v663 a

Cinnamomum is among the largest genera of the Lauraceae, including species from tropical to temperate Asia and from tropical to subtropical America. However, previous studies indicated that Cinnamomum might not be monophyletic in its current circumscription. We therefore re-investigated the genus and possible relatives with an increased taxon sample, particularly of the Neotropical species. Our results, based on sequences of the nuclear ITS region and the chloroplast spacers psbA-trnH and trnG-trnS, show that the Neotropical Cinnamomum species indeed do not form a monophyletic group with the Paleotropical species. Instead, the American species form a clade in which most species of the Neotropical genus Aiouea are nested within several subclades. According to the ITS data the Aiouea/Cinnamomum clade is sister to the likewise predominantly Neotropical Ocotea complex, rather than the two Paleotropical Cinnamomum clades. Therefore, Cinnamomum cannot be upheld in its current circumscription. As the type C. verum, is from Asia, the Neotropical species need to be placed in a different genus. We decided to transfer them to Aiouea here, because this is the oldest generic name in the Aiouea/Cinnamomum clade, and the only character separating Aiouea from Neotropical Cinnamomum is the number of pollen sacs per anther (di- vs. tetrasporangiate),
a feature that is known to be variable within several other genera as well. This transfer requires 42 new combinations and two nomina nova. In addition, six species described in the unpublished Ph.D. thesis of one of the authors (FLH) are validated in Aiouea here, and the only species of the genus Mocinnodaphne is transferred to Aiouea as well.

1 aRohde, Randi1 aRudolph, Barbara1 aRuthe, Kristina1 aLorea-Hernández, Francisco, G.1 aMoraes, Pedro, L.R. de1 aLi, Jie1 aRohwer, Jens, G. uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036301576nas a2200193 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133260001200202300001300214490000700227520100500234100001701239700001301256700001601269700002101285700001601306700001201322856004801334 2017 eng d00aAlseodaphnopsis: A new genus of Lauraceae based on molecular and morphological evidence0 aAlseodaphnopsis A new genus of Lauraceae based on molecular and  c10/2017 ae01865450 v123 a

An investigation of a questionable species of the genus Alseodaphne led to the discovery of a new genus Alseodaphnopsis H. W. Li & J. Li, gen. nov., separated from Alseodaphne Nees, and a new species Alseodaphnopsis ximengensis H. W. Li & J. Li, sp. nov., endemic to Yunnan province, China. This new species is characterized by having big, axillary, paniculate inflorescences, as well as large, subglobose fruits. Based on DNA sequence data from two gene regions (nuclear ribosomal ITS and LEAFY intron II), we investigate its phylogenetic position within the Persea group. Phylogenies using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference (BI) support the recognition of Alseodaphnopsis as a distinct genus but do not resolve well its relationship within the Persea group. The new genus is circumscribed, eight new combinations for its species are made, and a description and illustration of the new species are provided.

1 aMo, Yue-qing1 aLi, Lang1 aLi, Jian-wu1 aRohwer, Jens, G.1 aLi, Hsi-Wen1 aLi, Jie uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036202523nas a2200181 4500008004100000245005900041210005700100260001200157300001300169490000700182520201500189100001502204700001402219700002402233700002102257700001502278856004802293 2017 eng d00aFloral structure and ontogeny of Syndiclis (Lauraceae)0 aFloral structure and ontogeny of Syndiclis Lauraceae c10/2017 ae01863580 v123 a

Generic delimitation in the Beilschmiedia group of the Lauraceae remains ambiguous because flowering specimens of a few genera with confined distribution are poorly represented in herbaria, and a few floral characters important for taxonomy are still poorly known. Syndiclis is sporadically distributed in southwestern China, and is represented in the herbaria by only a few flowering specimens. We conducted field investigations to collect floral materials of four species and observed structures and ontogeny of the tiny flowers using both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the genus Syndiclis possesses flowers with huge variation in both merosity and organ number. Flowers of the genus are dimerous, trimerous, or tetramerous, or have mixed merosity with monomerous and dimerous, or dimerous and trimerous, or trimerous and tetramerous whorls. The number of staminodes ranges from two to eight, depending on floral merosity, and on how many stamens of the third androecial whorl are reduced to staminodes. The staminodes of the fourth androecial whorl are comparable to the staminodes in Potameia, but the staminodes of the third androecial whorl of Syndiclis are relatively larger than the staminodes in Potameia. They are erect or curved inwards, covering the ovary. The anthers are usually two-locular, but rarely one-locular or three-locular. Each stamen of the third androecial whorl bears two conspicuous and enlarged glands at the base. The lability of floral merosity and organ number of Syndiclis may have been caused by changes of pollination system and loss of special selective pressures that are present in most Lauraceous plants with fixed floral organ number. This study furthers our understanding of variation and evolution of a few important characters of the Beilschmiedia group and provides essential data for a revised generic classification of the group.

1 aZeng, Gang1 aLiu, Bing1 aFerguson, David, K.1 aRohwer, Jens, G.1 aYang, Yong uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036101456nas a2200193 4500008004100000245008100041210006900122520087800191653001701069653001801086653001401104653001801118653001301136653001701149653001301166653001401179100002101193856004801214 2017 eng d00aA contribution to the pollen morphology of the Cryptocarya group (Lauraceae)0 acontribution to the pollen morphology of the Cryptocarya group L3 a

In this study, pollen grains of 74 taxa (84 specimens) of the Cryptocarya group, including 22 type collections, have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains of Aspidostemon, Endiandra, Hexapora, Potameia and Triadodaphne are described here for the first time. For the other genera (Beilschmiedia, Cryptocarya, Eusideroxylon, Potoxylon) the results of previous studies are largely confirmed, but a novel type of exine covered by clavate-baculate structures was found in a few Cryptocarya species (C. gracilis and C. macrodesme from New Caledonia, C. saligna from South America). A larger diversity of spinule morphology and density than hitherto known is documented among the African species of Beilschmiedia.

10aAspidostemon10aBeilschmiedia10aEndiandra10aEusideroxylon10aHexapora10ainaperturate10aPotameia10aPotoxylon1 aRohwer, Jens, G. uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036001300nas a2200217 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133260001200202300000900214490000700223520065600230653001100886653002600897653002000923653001500943653001400958653001900972100002300991700002001014856004801034 2017 eng d00aA new species of Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) from the Bladen Nature Reserve, southern Belize0 anew species of Cinnamomum Lauraceae from the Bladen Nature Reser c06/2017 a1-100 v813 a

A new species in the Lauraceae, Cinnamomum bladenense S.W. Brewer & G.L. Stott, is described from the Bladen Nature Reserve in southern Belize. The new species is similar to Cinnamomum brenesii (Standl.) Kosterm., from which it differs by its much smaller, narrowly-campanulate flowers, its inner tepals glabrous abaxially, its shorter petioles, its minutely sericeous younger twigs, and its abaxial leaf surfaces not glaucous and with prominent secondary venation. A description, preliminary conservation assessment, and photographs of the species as well as a key to and notes on the Cinnamomum of Belize are provided.

10aBelize10aBladen Nature Reserve10aCentral America10aCinnamomum10aLauraceae10aMaya Mountains1 aBrewer, Steven, W.1 aStott, Gail, L. uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2035701061nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001900041245007400060210006900134260001200203300001200215490000800227520043700235653001000672653001500682653002000697653001500717653001600732653002000748100002700768856004800795 2017 eng d aISSN 1179-315500aThree new species of Lauraceae from the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil0 aThree new species of Lauraceae from the Atlantic rainforest of B c08/2017 a149-1600 v3163 a

Three South-American new species belonging to Cinnamomum, Mezilaurus, and Williamodendron, are described and illustrated from specimens collected in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil. The new species are Cinnamomum baitelloanum,
Mezilaurus sessiliflora, and Williamodendron itamarajuensis. Their putative relationships within the respective genus are discussed.

10aBahia10aCinnamomum10aEspírito Santo10aMezilaurus10anew species10aWilliamodendron1 aMoraes, Pedro, L.R. de uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2035601727nas a2200133 4500008004100000245017800041210006900219260001200288300001200300490000700312520120200319100002401521856004801545 2017 eng d00aStudies in Andean Ocotea (Lauraceae) IV. Species with Unisexual Flowers and Densely Pubescent Leaves, or with Erect Pubescence or Domatia, Occurring above 1000 m in Altitude0 aStudies in Andean Ocotea Lauraceae IV Species with Unisexual Flo c07/2017 a343-3930 v253 a

A revision of the Andean species of Ocotea Aubl. occuring above 1000 m elevation with unisexual flower and dense pubescence on the lower leaf surface or with erect pubescence or with domatia is presented.  A key to and descriptions of the 35 recognized species are provided.  Twenty-one species are described as new: O. antioquiensis van der Werff, O. argyrea van der Werff, O. otara van der Werff, O. santamartae van der Werff, and O. subparamicola van der Werff from Colombia; O.aquila van der Werff, O. euryphylla van der Werff, O. oreophila van der Werff, O. pastazensis van der Werff, and O. rufotomentella van der Werff from Ecuador; O. crassipedalis van der Werff, O. crinita van der Werff, O. kolera van der Werff, O. megistophylla van der Werff, O. palcazuensis van der Werff, O. papyracea van der Werff, O. satipensis van der Werff, and O. tarmensis van der Werff from Peru; O. adusta van der Werff and O. carchiensis van der Werff from Colombia and Ecuador; and O. recurvata van der Werff from Ecuador and Peru.  Ocotea caesariata van der Werff is published as a replacement name for Pleurothyrium velutinum Meisn., incorrectly called O. calophylla Mez.

1 avan der Werff, Henk uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2035402525nas a2200181 4500008004100000245010100041210006900142260001200211490000700223520197100230100001802201700001602219700001302235700001602248700001902264700001202283856004802295 2017 eng d00aDNA barcoding evaluation and implications for phylogenetic relationships in Lauraceae from China0 aDNA barcoding evaluation and implications for phylogenetic relat c04/20170 v123 a

Lauraceae are an important component of tropical and subtropical forests and have major ecological and economic significance. Owing to lack of clear-cut morphological differences between genera and species, this family is an ideal case for testing the efficacy of DNA barcoding in the identification and discrimination of species and genera. In this study, we evaluated five widely recommended plant DNA barcode loci matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA, ITS2 and the entire ITS region for 409 individuals representing 133 species, 12 genera from China. We tested the ability of DNA barcoding to distinguish species and as an alternative tool for correcting species misidentification. We also used the rbcL+matK+trnH-psbA+ITS loci to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the species examined. Among the gene regions and their combinations, ITS was the most efficient for identifying species (57.5%) and genera (70%). DNA barcoding also had a positive role for correcting species misidentification (10.8%). Furthermore, based on the results of the phylogenetic analyses, Chinese Lauraceae species formed three supported monophyletic clades, with the Cryptocarya group strongly supported (PP = 1.00, BS = 100%) and the clade including the Persea group, Laureae and Cinnamomum also receiving strong support (PP = 1.00, BS = 98%), whereas the Caryodaphnopsis-Neocinnamomum received only moderate support (PP = 1.00 and BS = 85%). This study indicates that molecular barcoding can assist in screening difficult to identify families like Lauraceae, detecting errors of species identification, as well as helping to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships. DNA barcoding can thus help with large-scale biodiversity inventories and rare species conservation by improving accuracy, as well as reducing time and costs associated with species identification.

1 aLiu, Zhi-Fang1 aCi, Xiu-Qin1 aLi, Lang1 aLi, Hsi-Wen1 aConran, J., G.1 aLi, Jie uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2035101082nas a2200169 4500008004100000245008100041210006900122260001200191300001200203490000800215520056400223100001500787700003400802700001600836700001200852856004800864 2017 eng d00aA new species of Litsea (Lauraceae) from Kerala part of Western Ghats, India0 anew species of Litsea Lauraceae from Kerala part of Western Ghat c04/2017 a285-2890 v3033 a

A new species of Litsea from India is described and illustrated. Litsea indoverticillata is recognized from the Malabar Wildlife sanctuary of Nilgiri phytogeographical zone of southern Western Ghats. It is distinguished from the closely related L. quinqueflora and L. verticillata by straggling shrub habit; 7–15 mm long, glabrous petiole, chartaceous and glabrous leaves, glabrous midrib; 15–24 pairs of lateral veins; solitary, glabrous, and pruinose inflorescence; greenish-white to whitish flowers.

1 aRobi, A.J.1 aUdayan, Punnakkal, Sreedharan1 aLi, Hsi-Wen1 aLi, Jie uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/20348