02561nas a2200205 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260001200199300001400211490000700225520192100232100001702153700002102170700002002191700003602211700002702247700001202274700002102286856004802307 2017 eng d00aNeither Phoebe nor Cinnamomum – the tetrasporangiate species of Aiouea (Lauraceae)0 aNeither Phoebe nor Cinnamomum the tetrasporangiate species of Ai c10/2017 a1085-11110 v663 a

Cinnamomum is among the largest genera of the Lauraceae, including species from tropical to temperate Asia and from tropical to subtropical America. However, previous studies indicated that Cinnamomum might not be monophyletic in its current circumscription. We therefore re-investigated the genus and possible relatives with an increased taxon sample, particularly of the Neotropical species. Our results, based on sequences of the nuclear ITS region and the chloroplast spacers psbA-trnH and trnG-trnS, show that the Neotropical Cinnamomum species indeed do not form a monophyletic group with the Paleotropical species. Instead, the American species form a clade in which most species of the Neotropical genus Aiouea are nested within several subclades. According to the ITS data the Aiouea/Cinnamomum clade is sister to the likewise predominantly Neotropical Ocotea complex, rather than the two Paleotropical Cinnamomum clades. Therefore, Cinnamomum cannot be upheld in its current circumscription. As the type C. verum, is from Asia, the Neotropical species need to be placed in a different genus. We decided to transfer them to Aiouea here, because this is the oldest generic name in the Aiouea/Cinnamomum clade, and the only character separating Aiouea from Neotropical Cinnamomum is the number of pollen sacs per anther (di- vs. tetrasporangiate),
a feature that is known to be variable within several other genera as well. This transfer requires 42 new combinations and two nomina nova. In addition, six species described in the unpublished Ph.D. thesis of one of the authors (FLH) are validated in Aiouea here, and the only species of the genus Mocinnodaphne is transferred to Aiouea as well.

1 aRohde, Randi1 aRudolph, Barbara1 aRuthe, Kristina1 aLorea-Hernández, Francisco, G.1 aMoraes, Pedro, L.R. de1 aLi, Jie1 aRohwer, Jens, G. uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2036302392nas a2200157 4500008004100000245009100041210006900132260001200201300001200213490000700225520188900232100002302121700002102144700002102165856004802186 2016 eng d00aPhylogenetic study of the genus Nectandra (Lauraceae), and reinstatement of Damburneya0 aPhylogenetic study of the genus Nectandra Lauraceae and reinstat c10/2016 a980-9960 v653 a

Earlier studies indicated that the genus Nectandra, currently the second-largest genus of the Neotropical Lauraceae, might be diphyletic in its traditional circumscription, but the evidence was not quite conclusive. Our phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (psbA-trnH) sequences of 45 Nectandra species as well as 42 representatives of 18 genera of the core Lauraceae (Ocotea complex, Laureae, Aiouea, Asian Cinnamomum and Persea groups) confirm the suspicion that Nectandra is diphyletic. The two groups, Nectandra s.str. and the N. coriacea group, are each well supported in the maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses, but they are not sister to each other. Nectandra s.str. is sister to Pleurothyrium, and the clade including Nectandra s.str. and Pleurothyrium is very likely closer to the dioecious taxa of the Ocotea complex. The N. coriacea group, on the other hand, appears to be closer to bisexual taxa known as the Ocotea helicterifolia group. In addition, Nectandra s.str. is characterized by a large deletion in the psbA-trnH spacer compared to all other core Lauraceae, including its sister group Pleurothyrium. Considering these facts, Nectandra cannot be maintained in the traditional sense. We therefore transfer the species of the N. coriacea group to the oldest generic name applied to this group, Damburneya . On the basis of fossil records from the American subcontinents and in accordance with previous phylogenetic and molecular clock studies we suggest a scenario of a climate-driven migration from North to South America, with a subsequent rapid radiation of Nectandra s.str. in South America.

1 aTrofimov, Dimitrij1 aRudolph, Barbara1 aRohwer, Jens, G. uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/2034602285nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260001200265300001200277490000800289520157600297653001701873653001401890653002201904100002101926700002701947700002101974700002401995856004802019 2014 eng d a1179-316300aA phylogenetic analysis of the Cryptocarya group (Lauraceae), and relationships of Dahlgrenodendron, Sinopora, Triadodaphne, and Yasunia0 aphylogenetic analysis of the Cryptocarya group Lauraceae and rel c02/2014 a111-1320 v1583 a

A phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ITS and plastid trnK intron sequences confirms that Dahlgrenodendron, Sinopora, Triadodaphne, and Yasunia are members of the Cryptocarya group, as expected from morphology.  Dahlgrenodendron from South Africa is sister to Aspidostemon from Madagascar. Triadodaphne inaequitepala is nested within Endiandra (both from Australasia), and Yasunia from South America is nested among South American Beilschmiedia species. Sinopora is a member of the Beilschmiedia clade, but its precise position is still uncertain.  Among large genera of the group, Cryptocarya is clearly monophyletic, and Endiandra appears to be as well, if T. inaequitepala is included. Beilschmiedia is paraphyletic with respect to (at least) Potameia and Yasunia. Most well-supported clades within genera are geographically homogeneous, except a clade including the Chilean Cryptocarya alba and two New Caledonian species. Both Beilschmiedia and Cryptocarya have reached the Americas more than once.  Four-locular anthers are plesiomorphic in the Cryptocarya group; two-locular anthers have arisen by fusion of the two pollen sacs of a theca. In the plesiomorphic fruit type, the ovary is completely enclosed in receptacular tissue; a superior fruit, seated free on its pedicel, is a synapomorphy of the Beilschmiedia clade.

10aBiogeography10aevolution10afloral morphology1 aRohwer, Jens, G.1 aMoraes, Pedro, L.R. de1 aRudolph, Barbara1 avan der Werff, Henk uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/node/1980300622nas a2200169 4500008004100000245008600041210006900127300001400196490000700210100002100217700001200238700002100250700002500271700002400296700001600320856011600336 2009 eng d00aIs Persea (Lauraceae) monophyletic? Evidence from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences0 aPersea Lauraceae monophyletic Evidence from nuclear ribosomal IT a1153-11670 v581 aRohwer, Jens, G.1 aLi, Jie1 aRudolph, Barbara1 aSchmidt, Sabrina, A.1 avan der Werff, Henk1 aLi, Hsi-Wen uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/content/persea-lauraceae-monophyletic-evidence-nuclear-ribosomal-its-sequences00586nas a2200121 4500008004100000245015500041210006900196300001200265490000700277100002100284700002100305856013800326 2005 eng d00aJumping genera: the phylogenetic positions of Cassytha, Hypodaphnis and Neocinnamomum (Lauraceae) based on different analyses of trnK intron sequences0 aJumping genera the phylogenetic positions of Cassytha Hypodaphni a153-1780 v921 aRohwer, Jens, G.1 aRudolph, Barbara uhttps://lauraceae.myspecies.info/content/jumping-genera-phylogenetic-positions-cassytha-hypodaphnis-and-neocinnamomum-lauraceae-based